Swarm Intelligence

z z Latané's Latané's dynamic social impact theory dynamic social impact theory z z Axelrod's Axelrod's culture model culture model z z Kennedy's adaptive culture model Kennedy's adaptive culture model Latané's Latané's Dynamic Social Impact Dynamic Social Impact Theory Theory z z Behaviors of individuals can be explained in terms of the Behaviors of individuals can be explained in terms of the self self-organizing properties of their social system organizing properties of their social system z z Clusters of individuals develop similar beliefs Clusters of individuals develop similar beliefs z z Subpopulations diverge from one another (polarization] Subpopulations diverge from one another (polarization] Dynamic Social Impact Theory Dynamic Social Impact Theory Characteristics Characteristics z z Consolidation: Consolidation: Opinion diversity is reduced as individuals Opinion diversity is reduced as individuals are exposed to majority arguments are exposed to majority arguments z z Clustering: Clustering: Individuals become more like their neighbors in Individuals become more like their neighbors in social space social space z z Correlation: Correlation: Attitudes that were originally independent Attitudes that were originally independent tend to become associated tend to become associated z z Continuing diversity: Continuing diversity: Clustering prevents minority views Clustering prevents minority views from complete consolidation from complete consolidation Dynamic Social Impact Theory: Dynamic Social Impact Theory: Summary Summary z z Individuals influence one another, and in doing so Individuals influence one another, and in doing so become more similar become more similar z z Patterns of belief held by individuals tend to correlate Patterns of belief held by individuals tend to correlate within regions of a population within regions of a population z z This model is consistent with findings in the fields of This model is consistent with findings in the fields of social psychology, sociology, economics, and social psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology. anthropology. z z Populations of individuals are pictured as strings of Populations of individuals are pictured as strings of symbols, or " features " symbols, or " features " z z Probability of interaction between two individuals is a Probability of interaction between two individuals is a function of their similarity function of their similarity z z Individuals become more similar as a result of Individuals become more similar as a result of interactions interactions z z The observed dynamic is The observed dynamic is polarization polarization , homogeneous , homogeneous subpopulations that differ from one another subpopulations that differ …